5.1 Test Planning
Purpose of Test Planning
Test planning defines:
- Scope of testing
- Approach (levels, types, techniques)
- Resources and roles
- Schedule
- Risks
- Entry and exit criteria
시험 표현
“Which activity defines the scope and approach?” → Test planning
A test plan may include test data requirements at a high level, but it does not define detailed test data and expected results.
Test Plan Contents (★★★★★ MUST KNOW)
A test plan typically includes:
- Test objectives
- Test scope
- Test strategy / approach
- Test environment
- Test schedule
- Roles and responsibilities
- Risks and mitigation
- Entry and exit criteria
5.2 Risk-Based Testing (★★★★★)
What is Risk?
Risk = Likelihood × Impact
Product Risk vs Project Risk
| Product Risk | Project Risk |
|---|---|
| Risk of product failure | Risk of not completing the project |
| Related to functionality, performance, security | Schedule, resources, skills |
Exam trap:
“Performance failure” → Product risk
Risk-Based Testing Principles
- Identify risks
- Assess risks
- Prioritize testing based on risk
- Allocate effort to high-risk areas
5.3 Test Monitoring and Control
Test Monitoring
- Collect metrics
- Track progress
- Compare actual vs planned
Test Control
- Take corrective actions
- Re-plan if necessary
Monitoring = observe
Control = act
5.4 Configuration Management
Purpose
Configuration management ensures:
- Version control
- Traceability
- Consistency of testware and software
Items Under Configuration Control
- Test cases
- Test scripts
- Test data
- Requirements
- Code
5.5 Incident (Defect) Management
Incident Report Contents
Severity vs Priority (★★★★★ Exam Favorite)
| Severity | Priority |
|---|---|
| Impact of defect | Urgency of fixing |
| Technical | Business decision |
High severity ≠ High priority (and vice versa)
5.6 Test Estimation
Common Estimation Techniques
- Expert-based estimation
- Analogous estimation
- Metrics-based estimation
5.7 Test Completion Criteria
Exit Criteria Examples
- Planned tests executed
- Acceptable defect level reached
- Coverage achieved
- Risks mitigated
Chapter 5 – 시험 직전 암기 포인트
무조건 기억:
- Test planning defines scope & approach
- Risk = likelihood × impact
- Product risk ≠ Project risk
- Monitoring ≠ Control
- Severity ≠ Priority
VERY COMMON EXAM TRAPS
- “Risk-based testing eliminates risk” ❌
- “Monitoring includes corrective actions” ❌
- “Priority is set by testers” ❌ (often business)
- “Configuration management is optional” ❌
Tags
ISTQB