Value of Static Testing (Exam D – Question 16)
1. Introduction
In the ISTQB Foundation Level syllabus, both static testing and dynamic testing play important but different roles in defect detection.
This question checks whether you understand which defect types can be found by static testing, dynamic testing, or both.
ISTQB에서는 정적 테스트와 동적 테스트가 서로 다른 가치를 가진다고 설명합니다.
이 문제는 두 테스트 방식이 어떤 결함을 발견할 수 있는지를 정확히 구분하는지를 묻습니다.
2. Practice Question
❓ Question
Which of the following statements about the value of static testing is CORRECT?
- a) The defect types found by static testing are different from the defect types that can be found by dynamic testing
- b) Dynamic testing can detect the defect types that can be found by static testing plus some additional defect types
- c) Dynamic testing can identify some of the defects that can be found by static testing but not all of them
- d) Static testing can identify the defect types that can be found by dynamic testing as well as some extra defect types
✅ Correct Answer: c)
3. Explanation
✔ c) Dynamic testing can identify some of the defects found by static testing — Correct
There are three groups of defect types to consider:
- Defects found only by static testing
- Defects found by both static and dynamic testing
- Defects found only by dynamic testing
Dynamic testing can detect some defects that are also detectable by static testing (e.g., a coding defect that causes a runtime failure), but not all defects found by static testing.
결함 유형은 크게 세 가지로 나눌 수 있습니다.
- 정적 테스트로만 발견 가능한 결함
- 정적·동적 테스트 모두로 발견 가능한 결함
- 동적 테스트로만 발견 가능한 결함
동적 테스트는 정적 테스트로 발견 가능한 결함 중 일부만 발견할 수 있으므로, 선택지 c)가 올바른 설명입니다.
❌ a) Static and dynamic testing find completely different defects — Incorrect
This statement is incorrect because some defect types overlap.
For example, a coding defect may be visible during code review and also cause a failure during execution.
일부 결함은 정적 테스트와 동적 테스트 모두에서 발견될 수 있으므로, 완전히 다르다고 말할 수 없습니다.
❌ b) Dynamic testing finds all static testing defects plus more — Incorrect
Some defects can only be found by static testing, such as:
- Unreachable code
- Defects in non-executable work products
- Design patterns not implemented as intended
도달 불가능 코드나 비실행 산출물의 결함은 정적 테스트로만 발견 가능합니다.
따라서 동적 테스트가 모든 정적 결함을 찾을 수는 없습니다.
❌ d) Static testing finds all dynamic testing defects plus more — Incorrect
Some defects can only be found during execution, such as:
- Performance issues
- Memory leaks
- Runtime timing problems
성능이나 메모리 관련 결함은 코드를 실행해야만 관찰할 수 있으므로 정적 테스트로는 발견할 수 없습니다.
4. Summary Table
| Defect Type | Static Testing | Dynamic Testing | 설명 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unreachable code | ✔ | ✖ | 정적 전용 |
| Logic defect causing failure | ✔ | ✔ | 중복 영역 |
| Performance issue | ✖ | ✔ | 동적 전용 |
5. Final Takeaway
For the ISTQB exam, remember this key idea:
Static and dynamic testing complement each other. Dynamic testing can find some, but not all, defects found by static testing.
시험 대비 핵심 문장입니다.
정적 테스트와 동적 테스트는 상호 보완적이며, 동적 테스트는 정적 테스트 결함의 일부만 발견할 수 있다.
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